After the wonder years

By Karen S. Peterson, USA TODAY

The Gulf War? That's ancient history.

Snail mail? What a quaint way to communicate.

Letters are just so yesterday for the 2.5 million members of the Class of 2000 who are about to graduate from public high school. They are the first graduates of the century and the leading edge of what some call the Y2K generation. "These kids will shape the millennium," says Gerald Celente of Trends Research Institute.

In many ways, the young adults live in a world unlike that which produced their parents, for better or for worse. These teens grew up in the glow of a beneficent stock market but in the shadow of AIDS. Divorce is commonplace, and school violence dominates headlines.

Ask them what has most shaped their generation, and they will instantly answer: the Internet. They have grown up embracing the tools that changed the world so quickly.

"Computers are the most important thing to happen while I was growing up," says Paul Sutusky, 17, of Columbia, Md. "I can get more information a lot quicker than, say, going to the library."

Mike Baab says the Net is just a given now. "I have several friends who are on the Internet at least two or three hours a day," says Baab, 18, of Seattle. "They used to watch TV that much, but now they are compulsive e-mail addicts."

Jenifer Scheyer is amazed how the Net has become a central part of even her sixth-grade brother's life. "He talks online to all his friends. It is amazing to me how quickly it has become the standard way to communicate," says Scheyer, 17, of Northbrook, Ill.

And then there are pagers and cellphones. "I can't imagine life without my cellphone," says Molly Heimert, 18, of Cincinnati. "It's so convenient. I don't have to be home for my friends to get ahold of me."

Trendmeister Celente watches such developments closely. "This is the first generation that was born into a wired world. They have been fed a software formula since infancy, and (Microsoft) Word is their first language."

Teens do fret sometimes that life moves too quickly, leaving them and their parents with so little time. "What sets this generation apart is 24/7," says Irma Zandl of the Zandl Group, a trend consulting company. With faxes, phones, cellphones, beepers, round-the-clock news coverage, movie rentals and takeout food, young people's social lives are active 24 hours a day, seven days a week, she says. "Everyone is on the go."

Sometimes it wears the teens out. "It has made the world a smaller place. Everyone can get ahold of you," says Ari Goldberg, 18, of Boca Raton, Fla. "There is no private time."

Teens feel overscheduled. "It is exhausting," Baab says. "I've done so much stuff so it looks good on my résumé for college: sports, volunteering, jobs. It is really good to have a work ethic by 15. But it is stressful. . . . For the last three months I have worked 40 hours a week while I went to school. I was swamped. And I was filling out college applications, writing essays and trying to have a social life."

Some social transformations seem positive, at least to those who value diversity. "They go to schools with blacks, Hispanics, Asians and whites," says Isabel Walcott of SmartGirl.com, a buyers guide for teen girls. At many schools "there is a lot of interracial dating, a melting-pot effect" that differs from their parents' generation, she says.

A USA TODAY/Gallup Poll of teenagers across the country found that 57% who date have been out with someone of another race or ethnic group. Although some parents are still uncomfortable with the phenomenon, "for me and my peers, interracial dating is just not an issue," says David Earley, 18, of Columbia, Md.

There also is increasing acceptance of gays at many schools, Walcott says. "There has been a really dramatic opening up to gays since the late 1980s." One study shows the number of gay and lesbian clubs meeting on high school grounds has grown from fewer than 100 to more than 600 in two years. Still, acceptance is hardly universal. "I don't know anyone who is openly gay at my high school," Heimert says. "I don't think they would be accepted."

Other social trends are depressing, including a high divorce rate that research shows causes children grief. Though the divorce rate has plateaued, one in two new marriages will end in divorce; the rate is worse for remarriages.

The Class of 2000 is getting used to the fracturing of families. "Our school has special groups that meet every two weeks, like a support group for kids who have gone through divorce," Earley says. "Every two weeks, half my math class is missing."

Lorrie Crizer says that when she was little, each kid had two biological parents. "Now basically everybody has divorced parents," says Crizer, 17, of Columbia, Md. And stepfamilies are common. "A stepfamily is all I've known, and I just know that we have made it work."

Celente says: "The whole definition of family has changed. We see more of single-parent families, splintered families, his-and-his and hers-and-hers families. The Ozzie and Harriet family has changed to the mix-and-match family."

Other trends threaten teens. "Since the late '80s, they have seen crack, crime, homelessness become big issues," Zandl says. "They see things like gated communities and road rage. They don't assume they will have a pension plan or work for one company all their lives, because they have seen their parents getting laid off. They have the idea they will have to fend for themselves."

Jason Leonard has noticed. "It seems like in the past a lot of things were community-based. People knew their neighbors, and kids were allowed to do things more freely," says Leonard, 18, of Fayetteville, Ga. "And if you got into trouble, the neighbors could discipline you. That is just gone."

And, of course, there is the impact of school shootings. Actually, the number of school-related violent deaths decreased 40% from 1998 to 1999, according to the Justice Policy Institute, a Washington, D.C., think tank. But headlines about mayhem at places such as Columbine High School in Littleton, Colo., have made an indelible impression. "It is so sad to be scared to go to school," Scheyer says. "It is the place you should feel most comfortable."

The Class of 2000 mentions drugs, teen pregnancies and the danger of sexually transmitted diseases. Some studies show that teen pregnancy rates have dropped dramatically in the 1990s, and there has been a decline in teen sexual activity. But teens worry about peers growing up in an era that equates sex with death. "Kids think they are invincible," Goldberg says. "If Russia couldn't kill us, why would we think a stupid virus can?"

The fallout on teens from a strong economy has been both good and bad. Many of these members of the Class of 2000 seem so affluent, whether because of money from their parents or their own hard work at after-school jobs. Certainly, they are the darlings of advertisers and merchandisers who sell them designer labels on everything from hats to shoes.

"One thing that has shaped us is advertising," Baab says. "We have seen movies like Wall Street that said greed is good. Kids today live in an immense consumer society, paying $50 for T-shirts that look 3 years old."

They do spend. "Female teens spent $67 billion of their own money all together in 1999," says Roberta Caploe of Seventeen magazine. Although many still suffer in poverty amid plenty, "what is different for them is they have come of age never having been exposed to an economic downturn," says Allyson Clarke of Roger Starch Worldwide, which researches the youth market.

Many worry about the extraordinary increases in the cost of college. Tuition and fees at a public, four-year college averaged $1,359 in 1987-88, when the Class of 2000 entered kindergarten. The cost now is $3,356, according to the College Board, a non-profit membership group for colleges.

In spite of scholarships and grants, "the fact is some people can't afford it," says Chad Jensen, 17, of Columbia, Md. "It is going to separate the haves and the have-nots."

The Class of 2000 has many reasons to be cynical, the experts say, capped by President Clinton's impeachment. "This generation has seen evidence that the established institutions, the family, the political system, our belief systems are not meeting the needs of the time," Celente says.

Some seniors are truly pessimistic. "The country is in moral and ethical decline," Goldberg says. And he worries about the mettle of his own generation. "We have never been tested. We have never seen a continued bad stock market, or a really ugly world war. We have never had to fight or struggle. We have had everything handed to us on a silver platter. When bad things do come, what will happen to us?"

But other teens and experts see the glass as half-full. "This generation has the potential to bring major revolutionary change," Celente says. "They are the movers and shakers of the millennium, and they are an exciting group."

You can finds teens who are "doom mongers," says Rachel Hickson, a consultant to the Gallup International Institute, which polls teens. "But they mostly see themselves as a generation that will make a positive contribution to the future, who will bring a sense of hope and purpose to the world."

Hickson points to strong spiritual beliefs: 92% of teens say their religious beliefs are important to them; 93% believe in God.

Seventeen-year-old Chad Jensen is a prime example of those who embrace the future. "All my beliefs are based in my religion, from abstinence to not believing in violence or drugs. If you follow your religion, people accept that and respect your beliefs."

He is optimistic for the Class of 2000. "There are so many possibilities, so many good things that can happen. There can be so much change and improvement."